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王东明出席“促进建设和平与繁荣的亚洲命运共同体”对话大会_我的网站
一 | Stockholm, Oct 10 (UNI) The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced Monday that three US-based economists won the 2022 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences “for research on banks and financial crises”.
The winners are Ben Bernanke, former head of the US Federal Reserve and currently with the Brookings Institution in Washington DC, Douglas Diamond of the University of Chicago and Philip Dybvig of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. The winners share a prize of about $900,000.
The nobelprize.org put out a release saying:
"Their discoveries improved how society deals with financial crises
"This year’s laureates in the Economic Sciences, Ben Bernanke, Douglas Diamond and Philip Dybvig, have significantly improved our understanding of the role of banks in the economy, particularly during financial crises. An important finding in their research is why avoiding bank collapses is vital.
"Modern banking research clarifies why we have banks, how to make them less vulnerable in crises and how bank collapses exacerbate financial crises. The foundations of this research were laid by Ben Bernanke, Douglas Diamond and Philip Dybvig in the early 1980s. Their analyses have been of great practical importance in regulating financial markets and dealing with financial crises.
"For the economy to function, savings must be channelled to investments. However, there is a conflict here: savers want instant access to their money in case of unexpected outlays, while businesses and homeowners need to know they will not be forced to repay their loans prematurely. In their theory, Diamond and Dybvig show how banks offer an optimal solution to this problem. By acting as intermediaries that accept deposits from many savers, banks can allow depositors to access their money when they wish, while also offering long-term loans to borrowers.
"However, their analysis also showed how the combination of these two activities makes banks vulnerable to rumours about their imminent collapse. If a large number of savers simultaneously run to the bank to withdraw their money, the rumour may become a self-fulfilling prophecy – a bank run occurs and the bank collapses. These dangerous dynamics can be prevented through the government providing deposit insurance and acting as a lender of last resort to banks.
"Diamond demonstrated how banks perform another societally important function. As intermediaries between many savers and borrowers, banks are better suited to assessing borrowers’ creditworthiness and ensuring that loans are used for good investments.
"Ben Bernanke analysed the Great Depression of the 1930s, the worst economic crisis in modern history. Among other things, he showed how bank runs were a decisive factor in the crisis becoming so deep and prolonged. When the banks collapsed, valuable information about borrowers was lost and could not be recreated quickly. Society’s ability to channel savings to productive investments was thus severely diminished.
"The laureates’ insights have improved our ability to avoid both serious crises and expensive bailouts,” says Tore Ellingsen, Chair of the Committee for the Prize in Economic Sciences.
The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was not included in Alfred Nobel's will, voanews.com reported.
It was established by the Swedish central bank in 1968 — and is officially the "Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in memory of Alfred Nobel" to mark the bank’s 300th anniversary. It was first awarded in 1969 and has been funded by the bank since then.
UNI ING。 中新网北京8月25日电 (余湛奕 马帅莎 刘纪)“促进建设和平与繁荣的亚洲命运共同体”对话大会25日在北京举办。全国人大常委会副委员长王东明出席开幕式并发表主旨讲话。
二 | 王东明表示，自习近平主席提出构建亚洲命运共同体理念以来，各方共同努力，为亚洲和平稳定与繁荣发展注入强劲动力。本次大会以“命运与共·亚洲新篇”为主题，期待各方以构建人类命运共同体理念为指引，落实四大全球倡议，携手推进亚洲命运共同体建设，共同书写亚洲和平、发展、合作、繁荣的新篇章。
三 | 大会由中国人民对外友好协会、中国人民大学和北京市人民对外友好协会共同主办。亚洲有关国家政要、前政要，以及地方政府、友好组织、经贸、智库、青年等各界代表共约300人出席。(完) 【编辑:刘阳禾】。
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Published on:02:19:20